Products

Nasturtium officinale

Watercress is a fast-growing perennial aquatic herb renowned for its crisp, peppery flavour and exceptional nutritional value. Traditionally growing along the edges of cool, flowing streams and springs, it forms lush mats of vibrant green foliage that can be harvested regularly throughout much of the year.

One of the oldest cultivated leafy vegetables, Watercress has been enjoyed for centuries in salads, soups, sandwiches and cooked dishes. The leaves provide a distinctive fresh, slightly spicy flavour and are rich in vitamins and minerals, including vitamins A, B1, B2 and C, along with calcium, phosphorus, sulphur, iron and iodine.

While naturally adapted to growing in shallow water, Watercress can also be successfully cultivated in moist garden beds, containers and wicking systems provided the soil remains consistently damp. Its rapid growth and continual harvest potential make it a rewarding addition to edible gardens.

Easy to grow and highly productive, Watercress thrives in cooler conditions and provides a dependable supply of nutritious greens for the kitchen.

Approximately 4,900 seeds per gram
Approximately 250 seeds per packet

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: March to August
Subtropics: March to September
Mild climates: March to October
Cold climates: September to April

Planting / Sowing

Sow seed on the surface of moist seed-raising mix and lightly press into place. Cover only very lightly, as seed requires light for best germination. Keep constantly moist until seedlings emerge. Transplant into shallow water, boggy soil or consistently damp garden beds, spacing plants 15–20 cm apart. Harvest regularly to encourage fresh growth and prevent plants from becoming overly woody.

Due to quarantine restrictions, TAS has an 800g limit per each seed variety and WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.

Citrullus lanatus

Bush Jubilee produces large, oval watermelons with light green skin boldly striped with dark green. Fruits can reach approximately 60 cm long, with firm, bright red flesh and a sweet, refreshing flavour.

A more compact watermelon than the traditional sprawling types, Bush Jubilee produces shorter, more manageable vines while still developing impressively sized fruit. It is a productive variety with some resistance to Fusarium wilt.

The firm, sweet flesh is excellent eaten fresh and chilled, in fruit salads or cut into wedges. Grow in full sun and provide consistent moisture while vines are establishing and fruit is developing.

Seed count: approximately 10–20 seeds per gram. Approximately 18 seeds per packet.

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: April–August
Subtropics: August–January
Mild climates: September–December
Cold climates: October–December, after frost risk has passed

Planting / Sowing

Sow approximately 1–2 cm deep directly where plants are to grow once the soil has warmed, or start indoors approximately five weeks before transplanting after frost. Space plants approximately 60–90 cm apart, allowing room for vines to spread.

Grow in full sun in fertile, well-drained soil enriched with organic matter. Keep plants consistently watered during establishment, flowering and fruit development. Fruit is approaching maturity when the tendril nearest the fruit dries and browns and the underside changes from white to creamy yellow.

Maturity: approximately 85–95 days.

Due to quarantine restrictions, TAS has an 800g limit per each seed variety and WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.

Citrullus lanatus

Charleston Grey is a classic watermelon producing large, oblong fruits that can reach approximately 15 kg. The pale green rind is marked with darker green striping, enclosing crisp, bright red flesh with an excellent sweet flavour.

Developed in the United States and released in 1954, Charleston Grey was bred by plant pathologist Charles F. Andrus of the USDA. It became an important commercial watermelon for its combination of fruit quality, reliable production and resistance to Fusarium wilt and anthracnose.

An early and vigorous producer for such a large-fruited variety, Charleston Grey also has good resistance to sunburn. The crisp, juicy flesh is excellent eaten fresh and chilled, in fruit salads or cut into generous summer wedges.

Seed count: approximately 10–20 seeds per gram. Approximately 15 seeds per packet.

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: April–August
Subtropics: August–January
Mild climates: September–December
Cold climates: October–December, after frost risk has passed

Planting / Sowing

Sow approximately 1–2 cm deep directly where plants are to grow once the soil has warmed, or start indoors approximately five weeks before transplanting after frost. Space plants approximately 80–120 cm apart, allowing plenty of room for vines to spread.

Grow in full sun in fertile, well-drained soil enriched with organic matter. Keep plants consistently watered during establishment, flowering and fruit development. Fruit is approaching maturity when the tendril nearest the fruit dries and browns and the underside changes from white to creamy yellow.

Maturity: approximately 85–100 days.

Due to quarantine restrictions, TAS has an 800g limit per each seed variety and WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.

Citrullus lanatus

Charleston Grey is a classic watermelon producing large, oblong fruits that can reach approximately 15 kg. The pale green rind is marked with darker green striping, enclosing crisp, bright red flesh with an excellent sweet flavour.

Developed in the United States and released in 1954, Charleston Grey was bred by plant pathologist Charles F. Andrus of the USDA. It became an important commercial watermelon for its combination of fruit quality, reliable production and resistance to Fusarium wilt and anthracnose.

An early and vigorous producer for such a large-fruited variety, Charleston Grey also has good resistance to sunburn. The crisp, juicy flesh is excellent eaten fresh and chilled, in fruit salads or cut into generous summer wedges.

Seed count: approximately 10–20 seeds per gram. Approximately 20 seeds per packet.

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: April–August
Subtropics: August–January
Mild climates: September–December
Cold climates: October–December, after frost risk has passed

Planting / Sowing

Sow approximately 1–2 cm deep directly where plants are to grow once the soil has warmed, or start indoors approximately five weeks before transplanting after frost. Space plants approximately 80–120 cm apart, allowing plenty of room for vines to spread.

Grow in full sun in fertile, well-drained soil enriched with organic matter. Keep plants consistently watered during establishment, flowering and fruit development. Fruit is approaching maturity when the tendril nearest the fruit dries and browns and the underside changes from white to creamy yellow.

Maturity: approximately 85–100 days.

Due to quarantine restrictions, TAS has an 800g limit per each seed variety and WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.

Citrullus lanatus

Golden Honey is a rare heirloom watermelon producing large fruits with light green skin patterned with darker green stripes. Inside, the flesh ripens to a striking golden yellow and is exceptionally sweet, juicy and refreshing.

Fruits can reach approximately 15 kg and contain relatively few large seeds, leaving plenty of crisp, succulent flesh. Its unusual colour makes Golden Honey particularly impressive served fresh, chilled in wedges or added to summer fruit salads.

Plants develop vigorous, spreading vines and require plenty of warmth, sun and room to grow. Consistent moisture during flowering and fruit development encourages good-sized, evenly developed melons.

Seed count: approximately 10–20 seeds per gram. Approximately 20 seeds per packet.

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: April–August
Subtropics: August–January
Mild climates: September–December
Cold climates: October–December, after frost risk has passed

Planting / Sowing

Sow approximately 1–2 cm deep directly where plants are to grow once the soil has warmed, or start indoors approximately five weeks before transplanting after frost. Space plants approximately 80–120 cm apart, allowing plenty of room for vines to spread.

Grow in full sun in fertile, well-drained soil enriched with organic matter. Keep plants consistently watered during establishment, flowering and fruit development. Fruit is approaching maturity when the tendril nearest the fruit dries and browns and the underside changes from white to creamy yellow.

Due to quarantine restrictions, TAS has an 800g limit per each seed variety and WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.

Citrullus lanatus

Jam Melon is an old-fashioned preserving melon producing smooth, rounded fruits to approximately 5 kg. Unlike sweet dessert watermelons, the fruit has firm, solid white flesh with a mild flavour, making it particularly useful for preserves rather than fresh eating.

Traditionally grown for jam making, the flesh readily takes up sugar, citrus, ginger and other flavours during cooking. It can also be made into pickles or used in fruitcakes, puddings and biscuits. Jam melons were once a familiar part of Australian home preserving, particularly when making preserves to carry the household through the year.

Plants are hardy, vigorous and prolific, producing fruits with excellent keeping qualities. Mature melons can be stored for up to a year under suitable cool, dry conditions, making this an unusual and useful storage crop.

Seed count: approximately 10–20 seeds per gram. Approximately 15 seeds per packet.

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: April–August
Subtropics: August–January
Mild climates: September–December
Cold climates: October–December, after frost risk has passed

Planting / Sowing

Sow approximately 1–2 cm deep directly where plants are to grow once the soil has warmed, or start indoors approximately five weeks before transplanting after frost. Space plants approximately 80–120 cm apart, allowing plenty of room for the vigorous vines to spread.

Grow in full sun in fertile, well-drained soil enriched with organic matter. Keep plants consistently watered during establishment, flowering and fruit development. Allow fruits intended for storage to mature fully on the vine before harvesting.

Maturity: approximately 80–100 days.

Due to quarantine restrictions, TAS has an 800g limit per each seed variety and WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.

(Photo courtesy of Seed Savers Exchange)

Citrullus lanatus

Klondyke is an old-fashioned watermelon producing large, oval fruits weighing up to approximately 12 kg. The rind is relatively thin and attractively striped, enclosing bright pink flesh that is sweet, juicy and refreshing.

A classic American watermelon type, Klondyke became popular during the early 20th century and was valued for its combination of large fruit, excellent eating quality and relatively early production. The thin rind leaves plenty of crisp, succulent flesh for eating.

Plants develop vigorous, spreading vines and produce substantial fruit in warm, sunny conditions. The sweet pink flesh is excellent served chilled, cut into wedges or used in fresh summer fruit salads.

Seed count: approximately 10–20 seeds per gram. Approximately 20 seeds per packet.

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: April–August
Subtropics: August–January
Mild climates: September–December
Cold climates: October–December, after frost risk has passed

Planting / Sowing

Sow approximately 1–2 cm deep directly where plants are to grow once the soil has warmed, or start indoors approximately five weeks before transplanting after frost. Space plants approximately 80–120 cm apart, allowing plenty of room for vines to spread.

Grow in full sun in fertile, well-drained soil enriched with organic matter. Keep plants consistently watered during establishment, flowering and fruit development. Fruit is approaching maturity when the tendril nearest the fruit dries and browns and the underside changes from white to creamy yellow.

Maturity: approximately 78–85 days.

Due to quarantine restrictions, TAS has an 800g limit per each seed variety and WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.

Citrullus lanatus

Moon And Stars is one of the most distinctive heirloom watermelons, producing large oval fruits weighing approximately 7–20 kg. The dark green rind is scattered with small yellow spots, the “stars”, alongside much larger golden-yellow patches representing the “moon”. The flesh inside is bright red, juicy and sweet.

Originally introduced in the United States in 1926 as ‘Sun, Moon and Stars’, the variety later disappeared from commercial seed catalogues and was thought lost. It was rediscovered growing in Missouri in the 1980s and returned to circulation through the work of Seed Savers Exchange, becoming a celebrated example of an heirloom variety rescued through seed saving.

Plants are vigorous and spreading, with the characteristic yellow spotting often appearing on the foliage as well as the fruit. The spectacular melons are excellent for fresh eating and have good keeping qualities when harvested fully mature.

Seed count: approximately 10–20 seeds per gram. Approximately 20 seeds per packet.

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: April–August
Subtropics: August–January
Mild climates: September–December
Cold climates: October–December, after frost risk has passed

Planting / Sowing

Sow approximately 1–2 cm deep directly where plants are to grow once the soil has warmed, or start indoors approximately five weeks before transplanting after frost. Space plants approximately 80–120 cm apart, allowing plenty of room for the vigorous vines to spread.

Grow in full sun in fertile, well-drained soil enriched with organic matter. Keep plants consistently watered during establishment, flowering and fruit development. Fruit is approaching maturity when the tendril nearest the fruit dries and browns and the underside changes from white to creamy yellow.

Maturity: approximately 95 days.

Due to quarantine restrictions, TAS has an 800g limit per each seed variety and WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.

Citrullus lanatus

Sugar Baby is a compact, early maturing watermelon introduced in 1955 and long valued by home gardeners and market growers. It produces round, dark green fruit approximately 20 cm across and weighing 3–5 kg. The bright red flesh is crisp, juicy and very sweet, protected by a thin but tough rind. This reliable variety is well suited to smaller gardens and cooler climates and has good drought tolerance once established. Fruit mature in approximately 68–86 days.

Approximately 20–30 seeds per gram
Approximately 15 seeds per packet

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: March to September
Subtropics: August to February
Mild climates: October to January
Cold climates: November to December after frost

Planting / Sowing

Direct sow seed 15–20 mm deep into warm, well-drained soil in a sunny position, or start in pots and transplant carefully once the weather has warmed. Space plants 80–100 cm apart, allowing 1.5–2 m between rows or ample room for vines to spread. Keep soil evenly moist during establishment, flowering and fruit development, reducing watering as fruit approach maturity. Harvest when the tendril nearest the fruit dries, the underside turns creamy yellow and the fruit sounds hollow when tapped.

Due to quarantine restrictions, TAS has an 800g limit per each seed variety and WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.

Citrullus lanatus

Sugar Baby is a compact, early maturing watermelon introduced in 1955 and long valued by home gardeners and market growers. It produces round, dark green fruit approximately 20 cm across and weighing 3–5 kg. The bright red flesh is crisp, juicy and very sweet, protected by a thin but tough rind. This reliable variety is well suited to smaller gardens and cooler climates and has good drought tolerance once established. Fruit mature in approximately 68–86 days.

Approximately 20–30 seeds per gram
Approximately 25 seeds per packet

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: March to September
Subtropics: August to February
Mild climates: October to January
Cold climates: November to December after frost

Planting / Sowing

Direct sow seed 15–20 mm deep into warm, well-drained soil in a sunny position, or start in pots and transplant carefully once the weather has warmed. Space plants 80–100 cm apart, allowing 1.5–2 m between rows or ample room for vines to spread. Keep soil evenly moist during establishment, flowering and fruit development, reducing watering as fruit approach maturity. Harvest when the tendril nearest the fruit dries, the underside turns creamy yellow and the fruit sounds hollow when tapped.

Due to quarantine restrictions, TAS has an 800g limit per each seed variety and WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.

Citrullus lanatus

Warpaint (also known as Crimson Sweet) is a popular, high-yielding watermelon producing large, oval fruit with distinctive light and dark green stripes. The melons can reach up to 10 kg and have crisp, deep red flesh with a sweet, refreshing flavour. Well regarded for its reliable performance, this variety offers good disease tolerance and is suitable for home gardens and market production. Fruit mature in approximately 80–97 days.

Approximately 20–30 seeds per gram
Approximately 20 seeds per packet

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: March to September
Subtropics: August to February
Mild climates: October to January
Cold climates: November to December after frost

Planting / Sowing

Direct sow seed 15–20 mm deep into warm, well-drained soil in a sunny position, or start in pots and transplant carefully once the weather has warmed. Space plants 80–100 cm apart, allowing 2–3 m between rows or ample room for the vigorous vines to spread. Keep the soil consistently moist during flowering and fruit development, reducing watering as fruit reach maturity to maximise sweetness. Harvest when the nearest tendril has dried, the underside of the fruit turns creamy yellow and the melon produces a hollow sound when tapped.

Due to quarantine restrictions, TAS has an 800g limit per each seed variety and WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.

Citrullus lanatus

Warpaint, also known as Crimson Sweet, is a popular large watermelon producing rounded fruits with bold alternating light and dark green stripes. Melons can reach approximately 10 kg, with crisp, deep red flesh and a sweet, juicy flavour.

Crimson Sweet was introduced in the United States in 1963 after being developed at Kansas State University. It became a widely grown variety for its excellent eating quality, attractive striped rind and useful resistance to Fusarium wilt and anthracnose.

Plants are vigorous and productive, developing spreading vines and substantial fruit. The combination of sweet red flesh, good fruit size and disease tolerance has made Crimson Sweet an enduring favourite for both home gardens and market growing.

Seed count: approximately 10–20 seeds per gram. Approximately 35 seeds per packet.

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: April–August
Subtropics: August–January
Mild climates: September–December
Cold climates: October–December, after frost risk has passed

Planting / Sowing

Sow approximately 1–2 cm deep directly where plants are to grow once the soil has warmed, or start indoors approximately five weeks before transplanting after frost. Space plants approximately 80–120 cm apart, allowing plenty of room for vines to spread.

Grow in full sun in fertile, well-drained soil enriched with organic matter. Keep plants consistently watered during establishment, flowering and fruit development. Fruit is approaching maturity when the tendril nearest the fruit dries and browns and the underside changes from white to creamy yellow.

Maturity: approximately 80–97 days.

Due to quarantine restrictions, TAS has an 800g limit per each seed variety and WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.

Reseda luteola

Weld is a traditional dye plant with a history stretching back thousands of years. This fragrant biennial produces tall spikes of small yellow flowers above upright stems, often reaching 1–1.5 metres in height. Long valued by dyers throughout Europe and the Middle East, Weld is considered one of the finest natural sources of bright, clear yellow dye.

Both the leaves and flowering stems contain high concentrations of luteolin, a natural pigment that was widely used to colour wool, silk and other fibres before the advent of synthetic dyes. Historical textiles coloured with Weld have been discovered in archaeological sites dating back to ancient civilisations, making it one of the most significant dye plants in history.

Beyond its practical uses, Weld is an attractive garden plant. Its fragrant flowers attract bees and beneficial insects, while its tall architectural form adds interest to cottage gardens, meadow plantings and dedicated dye gardens. The flower spikes also make an unusual addition to cut and dried flower arrangements.

Weld performs best in full sun and well-drained soils, particularly those with a neutral to alkaline pH. Once established, it is relatively drought tolerant and easy to maintain.

Approximately 600 seeds per gram
Approximately 200 seeds per packet

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: April to July
Subtropics: March to August
Mild climates: March to September
Cold climates: March to May and September to November

Planting / Sowing

Sow seed on the surface of moist soil or seed-raising mix and lightly cover with a fine layer of soil. Keep moist until germination occurs. Transplant seedlings into a sunny position with well-drained soil, spacing plants 30–40 cm apart. Weld prefers neutral to alkaline soils and will flower in its second season after establishing a strong root system.

Due to quarantine restrictions, WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.

Not Available for TAS

Triticum persicum

Khorasan Wheat is an ancient grain believed to have originated in the Fertile Crescent. It produces exceptionally large golden kernels, typically two to three times the size of modern wheat, with a rich, nutty flavour and excellent nutritional qualities. Highly valued for milling into flour, baking, cooking as a whole grain and sprouting, Khorasan wheat is a hardy, productive crop suited to a wide range of growing conditions.

Approximately 20–30 seeds per gram
Approximately 1,000 seeds per packet

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: April to July
Subtropics: April to August
Mild climates: April to September
Cold climates: April to September

Planting / Sowing

Direct sow seed 30–50 mm deep into well-prepared, free-draining soil in a sunny position. Sow seeds 5–10 cm apart in rows spaced 20–30 cm apart or broadcast evenly for larger plantings. Keep soil moist during establishment, then water only as required. Harvest once the seed heads have fully matured and turned golden brown, allowing them to dry before threshing and storing.

Not available for TAS or WA.

Triticum aestivum

Common Wheat is one of the world's most widely cultivated cereal grains and has been grown for thousands of years for flour, bread, pasta and a wide range of baked goods. It produces golden seed heads on upright plants and is also valued as a nutritious cover crop, for sprouting, and as a source of fresh wheatgrass. Easy to grow and well suited to Australian conditions, wheat is an excellent choice for home grain production and small-scale growers.

Approximately 25 seeds per gram
Approximately 1,250 seeds per packet

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: April to July
Subtropics: April to August
Mild climates: April to September
Cold climates: April to September

Planting / Sowing

Direct sow seed 30–50 mm deep into well-prepared, free-draining soil in a sunny position. Sow seeds 5–10 cm apart in rows spaced 20–30 cm apart, or broadcast evenly over larger areas. Keep the soil moist during establishment, then water only as required. Harvest when the seed heads have turned golden and fully matured, allowing them to dry thoroughly before threshing and storing.

Not available for TAS or WA.

Trifolium repens

Haifa White Clover is a vigorous perennial legume valued for pasture, forage, green manure and living ground cover. It produces abundant leafy growth through the cooler months and performs particularly well in fertile soils with reliable moisture.

Its low, spreading growth habit forms a dense ground cover that helps protect soil, suppress weeds and contribute organic matter. As a legume, Haifa forms a symbiotic relationship with beneficial soil bacteria, fixing atmospheric nitrogen through its root nodules and helping improve soil fertility for companion grasses and following crops.

Haifa is well suited to grazing and mixed pasture systems and will recover readily after grazing when moisture and growing conditions are favourable. Its white flowers are also highly attractive to bees and other pollinating insects.

Sowing rate: approximately 6–10 kg/ha

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: Autumn to winter
Subtropics: Autumn to winter
Mild climates: Autumn to spring
Cold climates: Autumn or spring

Planting / Sowing

Broadcast evenly over prepared soil and lightly rake or press seed into the surface. Sow shallowly and keep consistently moist during germination and establishment.

For green manure, cut at or around flowering and leave the foliage on the surface as mulch or lightly incorporate into the soil. For living ground cover or pasture, manage grazing or cutting to allow plants sufficient time to recover.

For maximum nitrogen fixation, treat seed with the appropriate Clover inoculant where compatible rhizobia are not already established in the soil.

Not available for TAS. Due to quarantine restrictions, WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.

Epilobium parviflorum

Willow Herb is a handsome perennial wildflower valued for its delicate sprays of soft rose-pink flowers and its long history of use in traditional European herbal medicine. Growing to around 1 metre tall, it produces slender stems clothed in narrow green leaves, with masses of small flowers appearing through the warmer months and attracting bees and other beneficial insects.

Traditionally, Willow Herb has been prepared as a tea, tincture or extract and has been widely used by herbalists to support urinary tract and prostate health. It remains one of the better-known herbs associated with the urinary system and continues to be cultivated in medicinal herb gardens around the world.

Beyond its herbal uses, Willow Herb is a graceful garden plant that blends beautifully into naturalistic plantings, cottage gardens and wildlife habitats. Its airy flower spikes provide movement and colour while supporting pollinators and beneficial insects.

This species thrives in fertile, moisture-retentive soils and appreciates some protection from harsh afternoon sun. Given suitable conditions, it forms attractive clumps and will often self-seed gently around the garden.

Approximately 10,000 seeds per gram
Approximately 500 seeds per packet

When to Plant (Australia)

Tropics: April to August
Subtropics: March to September
Mild climates: March to October
Cold climates: September to November and March to May

Planting / Sowing

Sow seed on the surface of moist seed-raising mix and press gently into place. Do not cover, as light assists germination. Keep consistently moist until seedlings emerge. Transplant into a rich, moisture-retentive soil in a partly shaded position, spacing plants 30–50 cm apart. Water regularly during dry periods to maintain vigorous growth and flowering.

Due to quarantine restrictions, TAS has an 800g limit per each seed variety and WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.

Psophocarpus tetragonolobus

A vigorous tropical legume grown for its uniquely winged pods, tender edible leaves, flowers, shoots, and tubers. Winged bean has been cultivated for centuries in Southeast Asia and Papua New Guinea as a highly nutritious, multi-purpose food crop. Thriving in heat and humidity, it is valued for its productivity, nitrogen-fixing ability, and usefulness throughout the plant’s life cycle. Best suited to warm regions with a long growing season and support for climbing vines.

Approximately 10 seeds per packet

When to Plant (Australia)
Tropics: September to December
Subtropics: October to December
Mild climates: Not recommended
Cold climates: Not recommended

Planting / Sowing
Sow seed 2 to 3 cm deep into warm, well drained soil in full sun once soil temperatures are consistently high. Germination is slow in cool conditions. Provide a sturdy trellis or support, as plants are vigorous climbers. Space plants 30 to 45 cm apart. Keep soil evenly moist during establishment, then water regularly through flowering and pod set. Harvest pods young and tender, or allow plants to mature for tuber development in long season tropical gardens.

Due to quarantine restrictions, TAS has an 800g limit per each seed variety and WA has a 10,000 seeds limit per variety.